Tumour immunology - immunology tumor

Tumour cells are usually not recognized and killed by the immune system. There are two main causes. The first is failure to express molecules such as HLA and costimulatory B7 molecules which are required for activation of cytotoxic, or 'killer', T lymphocytes, since expression of these 'costimulatory' molecules following gene transfection may augment an immune response. Secondly, tumours may also actively secrete immunosuppressive cytokines and cause a generalized immunosuppression, leading for example to the reactivation of latent herpes zoster in shingles associated with malignancy.

Cancer Tip

A diagnosis of cancer is usually a critical event in a person's life because it carries with it the threat of premature death, pain and disability. Today, however, many cancers can be cured or palliated for extended periods of time if initial treatment involves the appropriate therapy.

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Health Tip

Drinking plenty of fluids will help to ease a sore throat and clear congestion of the nasal passages. Lying propped up on several pillows will help to control nighttime coughing.